LESSON
# 493 FROM HOLY QUR’AN
Marriage
With The Believing Maid
Surah NISAAA’ (WOMEN) - Chapter - 4)
Verses
–25 of 176, Section –4/24 (Part – 5)
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And whoso is not able to afford to marry free,
believing women, let them marry from the believing maids whom your right
hands possess. And Allah knoweth best (concerning) your faith. Ye (proceed)
one from another, so wed them by permission of their folk, and give unto them
their dowries in kindness, they being honest, not debauched nor of loose
conduct. Then if when they are honourably married they commit lewdness they
shall incur the half of the punishment (prescribed) for free women (in that
case). This is for him among you who feareth to commit sin. And to have
patience would be better for you. And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.
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Wa mal-lam yastati’
min-kum taw-lan ‘any-yankihal-Muhsanaatil-Mu’-minaati fa-mimmaa
malakat ‘ay-maanu-kum-min-fatayaa- tikumul- Mu’-minaat. Wallaahu
‘a’-lamu bi-‘iimaanikum. Ba’-zukum-mim-ba’z. Fankihuu-hunna bi-‘izni
‘ahli-hinna wa ‘aatuu-hunna ‘ujuura-hunna bil-ma’-ruufi muhsanaatin
gayra musaafi-haatinw-wa laa
muttakhi-zaati ‘akh-daan. Fa-‘izaaa
‘uhsinna fa-‘in ‘atayna
bi-faahi-shatin-
fa-‘alay-hinna nisfu maa
‘alal-muhsanaati minal-‘azaab. Zaalika
liman khashiyal-‘anata minkum.
Wa ‘an tasbiruu
khay-rul-lakum. Wallaahu Gafuurur-Rahiim.
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Lesson
Muhsanaatun – (free, believing women), its singular is Muhsanah, which has been derived from hasan. Hasan means the fort, as though, Muhsanah is that free, believing and
good disposition woman, who kept safe her chastity and honor like a fort.
Powerful and bad people used to make the weak and
helpless men, women and children their slaves and bond-maids in many countries
of the world before Islam and they used to buy and sell them in the markets
like goats and sheep. When Islam came, it brought with itself the message of
equality. Nevertheless, it was not too much easy to remove the so much old
rules and to change this method of dwelling, of which system the people had been
habituated. As far as it is possible, Islam cares for the facilities of the
people. The slaves and the bond-maids were already present in the Arab and they
were in the worse condition. Particularly the bond-maids were never in any
counting. They were badly used to beat black and blue. Allah Almighty provided
such rules with which the condition of slaves and bond-maids might be arranged
better, and in the process of time, the system of slavery might be finished.
No bond-maid or slave is existent today in the
world and certainly, the wreath of finishing this slavery system is upon the
head of Islam. It is the custom of Holy Qur’an in removing the unlawful rules
that easy commands are delivered in the beginning, as it seems that Islam
desires to keep up this rule. But usually and gradually due to obeying these
easy orders, the bad manners come to an end.
Holy Qur’an promoted the dignity of bond-maids in
this verse so much that It ordered, “Do not put them making prey only of your
bad wishes and intemperance. But wed them and make them your wives. In this
order, the seed of removing the custom of bond-maids was sown. It has been
commanded, “The person, who is not able to afford to marry any free, believing
women, but he feels necessity of any woman then let him marry from the
believing maids whom your right hands possess. And they should escape from the unlawful
deeds, because safety of Belief is very important and the faith of bond-maids is
as much credible as your own.”
It is the result of accepting these orders that
today slavery has been finished from the world. The respect of the woman has
been established in the society. However, one thing is pending until now that
none should keep compressed any one. If it would have been done also as per the
orders of Islam, then the matter would have been finalized very earlier.
Allowing wedding the bond-maids and slave-girls,
Islam impeded the sinfulness on one side, while at the other hand It determined
their grade equal to the free, believing women in the society. Moreover, It put
in the rights of their children equal to the rights of the children of free,
believing women on the condition that those children are from the bond-maids’
master. In addition, following conditions determined compulsory to marry the
bond-maids:
·
Permission of
wedding is taken from their masters.
·
Give unto
them their dowries as a duty.
·
The bond-maids should be liker of goodness and
chastity (Muh-sanaatun).
·
They should
not be from the lewd and debauched women (musaafi-haatun).
·
They should
also be not of loose conduct “muttakhi-zaati ‘akh-daan” (secretly loving and
beloved).
Allah Almighty says, “This is for him among you
who feareth to commit sin. And to have patience would be better for you”. He
also commands, “Then if when they are honorably married, they commit lewdness,
they shall incur the half of the punishment (prescribed) for free women (in
that case)”.
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